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MIC5233
Micrel
MIC5233
High Input Voltage, Low IQ Cap LDO Regulator
General Description
The MIC5233 is a 100mA highly accurate, low dropout regulator with high input voltage and ultra-low ground current. This combination of high voltage and low ground current makes the MIC5233 ideal for multi-cell Li-Ion battery systems. A Cap LDO design, the MIC5233 is stable with either ceramic or tantalum output capacitor. It only requires a 2.2F capacitor for stability. Features of the MIC5233 include enable input, thermal shutdown, current limit, reverse battery protection, and reverse leakage protection. Available in fixed and adjustable output voltage versions, the MIC5233 is offered in the IttyBittyTM SOT-23-5 package with a junction temperature range of -40C to +125C.
Features
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Wide input voltage range: 2.3V to 36V Ultra low ground current: 18A Low dropout voltage of 270mV at 100mA High output accuracy of 2.0% over temperature Cap: stable with ceramic or tantalum capacitors Excellent line and load regulation specifications Zero shutdown current Reverse battery protection Reverse leakage protection Thermal shutdown and current limit protection IttyBittyTM SOT-23-5 package Keep-alive supply in notebook and portable computers USB power supply Logic supply for high-voltage batteries Automotive electronics Battery powered systems 3-4 cell Li-Ion battery input range
Applications
Ordering Information
Part Number MIC5233-1.8BM5 MIC5233-2.5BM5 MIC5233-3.0BM5 MIC5233-3.3BM5 MIC5233-5.0BM5 MIC5233BM5 Marking L318 L325 L330 L333 L350 L3AA Voltage 1.8V 2.5V 3.0V 3.3V 5.0V ADJ. Junction Temp. Range -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C -40C to +125C Package SOT-23-5 SOT-23-5 SOT-23-5 SOT-23-5 SOT-23-5 SOT-23-5
Typical Application
GROUND CURRENT (A)
40 35 30 25 20 15 10 4 IOUT = 10A 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) IOUT = 1mA
VIN CIN=1.0F
OFF ON
MIC5233BM5
1 2 3 4 5
VOUT R1 R2 COUT=2.2F ceramic IGND=18A
IOUT = 100A
EN
Ultra-Low Current Adjustable Regulator Application
Ground Current vs. Input Voltage
IttyBitty is a trademark of Micrel, Inc. Micrel, Inc. * 1849 Fortune Drive * San Jose, CA 95131 * USA * tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 * fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 * http://www.micrel.com
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MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Pin Configuration
EN GND IN
3 2 1
L3xx
4 5
NC or ADJ.
OUT
SOT-23-5
Pin Description
SOT-23-5 1 2 3 4 5 Pin Name IN GND EN NC (fixed) ADJ (ADJ.) OUT Pin Function Supply Input. Ground. Enable (Input): Logic low = shutdown; logic high = enable No Connect. Adjust (Input): Feedback input. Connect to resistive voltage-divider network. Regulator Output.
MIC5233
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Micrel
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)
Input Supply Voltage ....................................... -20V to 38V Enable Input Voltage ...................................... -0.3V to 38V Power Dissipation .................................... Internally Limited Junction Temperature .............................. -40C to +125C Storage Temperature ............................... -65C to +150C ESD Rating, Note 3
Operating Ratings (Note 2)
Input Supply Voltage ........................................ 2.3V to 36V Enable Input Voltage ........................................... 0V to 36V Junction Temperature (TJ) ....................... -40C to +125C Package Thermal Resistance SOT-23-5 (JA) .................................................. 235C/W
Electrical Characteristics (Note 4)
TA = 25C with VIN = VOUT + 1V; IOUT = 100A; VEN 2V; Bold values indicate -40C < TJ < +125C; unless otherwise specified. Parameter Output Voltage Accuracy Line Regulation Load Regulation Dropout Voltage Condition Variation from nominal VOUT VIN = VOUT + 1V to 36V IOUT = 100A to 100mA IOUT = 100A IOUT = 50mA IOUT = 100mA Ground Current IOUT = 100A IOUT = 50mA IOUT = 100mA Ground Current in Shutdown Short Circuit Current Output Leakage, Reverse Polarity Input Enable Input Input Low Voltage Input High Voltage Enable Input Current Regulator OFF Regulator ON VEN = 0.6V; Regulator OFF VEN = 2.0V; Regulator ON VEN = 36V; Regulator ON 2.0 -1.0 0.01 0.1 0.5 1.0 1.0 2.5 0.6 V V A A A VEN 0.6V; VIN = 36V VOUT = 0V Load = 500; VIN = -15V Min -1.0 -2.0 0.04 0.25 50 230 270 18 0.35 1 0.1 190 -0.1 Typ Max +1.0 +2.0 0.5 1 300 400 400 450 30 35 0.70 2 1 350 Units % % % % mV mV mV mV mV A A mA mA A mA A
Note 1. Note 2. Note 3. Note 4.
Exceeding the absolute maximum rating may damage the device. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precautions recommended. Human body model, 1.5k in series with 100pF. Specification for packaged product only.
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MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Typical Characteristics
Power Supply Rejection Ratio
70 60 50
PSRR (dB) DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
Dropout Voltage vs. Output Current
350
DROPOUT VOLTAGE (mV)
Dropout Voltage vs. Temperature
500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C) IOUT = 100mA
IOUT = 100mA
300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
40 30 20 10 0 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) 1000
Dropout Characteristics
3.5 GROUND CURRENT (A) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) ILOAD = 100mA ILOAD = 100A ILOAD = 50mA 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0
Ground Pin Current vs. Output Current
GROUND CURRENT (A) VIN = 4V 30 28 26 24 22 20
Ground Pin Current vs. Output Current
VIN = 24V
VIN = 36V
18 16 VIN = 12V 14 12 10 0
VIN = 4V
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90100 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
100 200 300 400 500 OUTPUT CURRENT (A)
80
GROUND CURRENT (A)
Ground Pin Current vs. Temperature
GROUND CURRENT (A)
75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40
-40 -20 0
360 340 320 300 280 260 240 220 200
GROUND CURRENT (mA)
ILOAD = 10mA
400 380
Ground Pin Current vs. Temperature
ILOAD = 50mA
1.20 1.15 1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 0.90 0.85 0.80
Ground Pin Current vs. Temperature
ILOAD = 100mA
20 40 60 80 100 120
-40 -20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120
-40 -20 0
20 40 60 80 100 120
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage
GROUND CURRENT (A)
GROUND CURRENT (A)
GROUND CURRENT (A)
100 90 80
Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage
1200 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 1.5 IOUT = 50mA 40 IOUT=100mA 35 30 25 20 15 10 4
Ground Pin Current vs. Input Voltage
IOUT = 10A
70 60 50 IOUT = 1mA 40 30 20 10 0 1.5
IOUT = 1mA
IOUT = 100A
IOUT = 100A
IOUT = 10A 2 2.5 3 3.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4
IOUT = 10A 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
2 2.5 3 3.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
4
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MIC5233
Micrel
120
INPUT CURRENT (mA)
Input Current vs. Supply Voltage
3.05 3.04 3.03 3.02 3.01 3.00
Output Voltage vs. Temperature
ILOAD = 100A
100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -10 0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 10 VEN = 5V RLOAD = 30
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT (mA)
300 250 200 150 100 50
Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature
2.99 2.98 2.97 2.96 2.95 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C)
VIN = 4V
0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TEMPERATURE (C)
Load Transient Response
OUTPUT CURRENT OUTPUT VOLTAGE (100mA/div.) (200mV/div.)
100mA 0mA VIN = 4V VOUT = 3V COUT = 4.7F ceramic
TIME (400s/div.)
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MIC5233
MIC5233
Micrel
Functional Diagrams
IN EN ENABLE R1 VREF OUT
R2
GND
Block Diagram - Fixed Output Voltage
IN EN ENABLE R1
OUT
VREF
ADJ R2
GND
Block Diagram - Adjustable Output Voltage
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JA Recommended Minimum Footprint SOT-23-5 235C/W Table 1. SOT-23-5 Thermal Resistance Package The actual power dissipation of the regulator circuit can be determined using the equation: PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VINxIGND Substituting PD(MAX) for PD and solving for the operating conditions that are critical to the application will give the maximum operating conditions for the regulator circuit. For example, when operating the MIC5233-3.0BM5 at 50C with a minimum footprint layout, the maximum input voltage for a set output current can be determined as follows: 125C - 50C PD(MAX) = 235C/W PD(MAX) = 319mW The junction-to-ambient (JA) thermal resistance for the minimum footprint is 235C/W, from Table 1. It is important that the maximum power dissipation not be exceeded to ensure proper operation. Since the MIC5233 was designed to operate with high input voltages, careful consideration must be given so as not to overheat the device. With very high input-to-output voltage differentials, the output current is limited by the total power dissipation. Total power dissipation is calculated using the following equation: PD = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND Due to the potential for input voltages up to 36V, ground current must be taken into consideration. If we know the maximum load current, we can solve for the maximum input voltage using the maximum power dissipation calculated for a 50C ambient, 319mV. PDMAX = (VIN - VOUT)IOUT + VIN x IGND 319mW = (VIN - 3V)100mA + VIN x 2.8mA Ground pin current is estimated using the typical characteristics of the device. 619mW = VIN (102.8mA) VIN = 6.02V For higher current outputs only a lower input voltage will work for higher ambient temperatures. Assuming a lower output current of 10mA, the maximum input voltage can be recalculated: 319mW = (VIN - 3V)10mA + VIN x 0.1mA 349mW = VIN x 10.1mA VIN = 34.9V Maximum input voltage for a 10mA load current at 50C ambient temperature is 34.9V, utilizing virtually the entire operating voltage range of the device.
Applications Information
Enable/Shutdown The MIC5233 comes with an active-high enable pin that allows the regulator to be disabled. Forcing the enable pin low disables the regulator and sends it into a "zero" off-modecurrent state. In this state, current consumed by the regulator goes nearly to zero. Forcing the enable pin high enables the output voltage. Input Capacitor The MIC5233 has high input voltage capability up to 36V. The input capacitor must be rated to sustain voltages that may be used on the input. An input capacitor may be required when the device is not near the source power supply or when supplied by a battery. Small, surface mount, ceramic capacitors can be used for bypassing. A larger value may be required if the source supply has high ripple. Output Capacitor The MIC5233 requires an output capacitor for stability. The design requires 2.2F or greater on the output to maintain stability. The design is optimized for use with low-ESR ceramic chip capacitors. High-ESR capacitors may cause high frequency oscillation. The maximum recommended ESR is 3. The output capacitor can be increased without limit. Larger valued capacitors help to improve transient response. X7R/X5R dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature performance. X7Rtype capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. Z5U and Y5V dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60% respectively over their operating temperature ranges. To use a ceramic chip capacitor with Y5V dielectric, the value must be much higher than an X7R ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capacitance over the equivalent operating temperature range. No-Load Stability The MIC5233 will remain stable and in regulation with no load unlike many other voltage regulators. This is especially important in CMOS RAM keep-alive applications. Thermal Consideration The MIC5233 is designed to provide 100mA of continuous current in a very small package. Maximum power dissipation can be calculated based on the output current and the voltage drop across the part. To determine the maximum power dissipation of the package, use the junction-to-ambient thermal resistance of the device and the following basic equation: TJ(MAX) - TA PD(MAX) = JA TJ(MAX) is the maximum junction temperature of the die, 125C, and TA is the ambient operating temperature. JA is layout dependent; Table 1 shows examples of the junctionto-ambient thermal resistance for the MIC5233.
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MIC5233
MIC5233
Adjustable Regulator Application The MIC5233BM5 can be adjusted from 1.24V to 20V by using two external resistors (Figure 1). The resistors set the output voltage based on the following equation:
Micrel
R VOUT = VREF 1 + 1 R2
Where VREF = 1.24V. Feedback resistor R2 should be no larger than 300k.
MIC5233BM5
VIN
VOUT IN EN OUT R1 ADJ. R2
1.0F
GND
2.2F
Figure 1. Adjustable Voltage Application
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Micrel
Package Information
1.90 (0.075) REF 0.95 (0.037) REF
1.75 (0.069) 1.50 (0.059)
3.00 (0.118) 2.60 (0.102)
DIMENSIONS: MM (INCH) 3.02 (0.119) 2.80 (0.110) 1.30 (0.051) 0.90 (0.035) 10 0 0.15 (0.006) 0.00 (0.000) 0.20 (0.008) 0.09 (0.004)
0.50 (0.020) 0.35 (0.014)
0.60 (0.024) 0.10 (0.004)
SOT-23-5 (M5)
MICREL, INC.
TEL
1849 FORTUNE DRIVE SAN JOSE, CA 95131
FAX
USA
+ 1 (408) 944-0800
+ 1 (408) 944-0970
WEB
http://www.micrel.com
The information furnished by Micrel in this datasheet is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Micrel for its use. Micrel reserves the right to change circuitry and specifications at any time without notification to the customer. Micrel Products are not designed or authorized for use as components in life support appliances, devices or systems where malfunction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems that (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. A Purchaser's use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser's own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify Micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. (c) 2003 Micrel, Incorporated.
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MIC5233

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